Cell Cycle Lessons

Module 1 – Core Principles

Links to Teaching Resources

Jump to: Biochemistry<= /a>, Enzymes, Cells, Prokaryotes, Organelles, Microscopy<= /a>, Cell Membranes, Cell Transpo= rt, Cell Motility, Tissues, Gas Exchange, Digestion.

      Countdown= Timer from Echalk. Very useful!

Biol= ogical Molecules

Water

      Water structure (local) also online from Starr. Nice.

      Water from John Kyrk. Very detailed, including ionisation and pH.

General Bioch= emistry

      Ma= cromolecules from LifeWire. Very good summaries of 4 groups of macromolecules.

      Chemical Bonds from Starr, showing, ionic, covalent and hydrogen. Nice.

      C= ondensation and Hydrolysis (local). OK.

      Chemical bon= ds from blobs.org

      Che= mical bonds from LifeWire. Quite detailed chemistry.

      Biochemistry Quiz from WebAnatomy by Mu= rray Jensen

      Macromolecules fro= m MIT Biology Hypertextbook. Web pages for more detailed information.

      I= ntroduction to biochemistry from Western Kentucky.

      Drag-and-dr= op molecules from Zerbio

Carbohydrates=

      Di= saccharide Condensation (local) showing condensation and hydrolysis of sucrose

      Glycosidic bond from Starr

      C= arbohydrates from Visionlearning. Web pages for further reading.

      Car= bohydrates from Western Kentucky.

Lipids

      Triglyceride synthesis (local) also online from Starr. Simple but nice.

      Phospholipid animation from ECB (local). A very nice Chime animation showing molecul= ar and membrane structure.

      Drag and drop lipid mole= cules from zerobio

      Lipids from Western Kentucky.

Proteins=

      Amino acid interactive from Starr. Simple, but very nice, showing a few diffe= rent R groups.

      Peptide bond formation from Starr. Brilliant.

      Protein structure tutorial from Benjamin Cummings (local) – Introduction, Primary, Secondary, Tertiary and Quaternary structure<= /p>
      Protein denaturation from Sumanas – the frying egg one. Nice

      Alpha helix and Beta Sheet= and Disulphide bond= s animations from Alberts ECB (local)

      Quaternary structu= re animation from Alberts ECB (local)

      Amino acids a= nd protein structure from blobs.org. Nice pictures.

      Amino acids and proteins from John Kyrk. Complex – don’t use.

      Protein folding from Boyer (choose protein folding). OK.

      Protein Denaturation from Mader

      Lectures on= protein structure from Frank Gorga (needs Chime plugin)

      Amino Acids Notes and Questions from Arizona Biology Project

      Protein Notes and Questions from = Arizona Biology Project

      Hormone-receptor complex molecular animation from UCSF (local)

      Protein folding molecular animation from UCSF (local)

      Protein-water molecular animation from UCSF (local)

      Proteins from Western Kentucky.

Other Biochem= istry sites

      Chemistry f= or biologists from RSC

      Movie showing how Rasmol and PDB files work= from Alberts ECB (local).

      Virtual biochemistry lab from Nobelprizes

Enzy= mes

Mechanism

      Enzyme mechanism (local). Simple animation

      Enzyme mechanism from Mader. Very good

      Mechanism of Sucrase from Mader. Spot on.

      Enzyme reaction game from Mader showing effect of substrate concentration (you= may have to press refresh to load everything). Very nice, but takes a long time. Includes a good introductory video.

      Enzyme Catalysis from Boyer (choose catalysis). Cover activation energy in some detail. Good, but probably too complicated.

      Active Site of enzyme molecule in detail from Lehninger (local)

      Enzymes = from blobs.org

      Activation Energy from Starr. Simple but nice.

      = Activation Energy from Lehninger (local)

      Activation energy analogy from Alberts (local). Quite complicated

Enzyme Inhibi= tion

      En= zyme catalysis from Lifewire, showing active site mechanism and inhibition. Good.

Other Enzyme = sites

      Enzyme biochemistry from MIT biology hypertextbook

      Re= gulation of enzymes from Lifewire

      Allosteric Enzyme regulation from Starr. Quite nice.

      C= atalase structure and function from Starr.

      Enzyme Notes and Questions from Arizona Biology project

      All about Enzymes from Lew-Port’s Biology Place

      Enzyme Lab from The Biology P= lace

      = Lysozyme mechanism from Alberts ECB

Cell= s

General Cell = Ultrastructure

      Cell ultrasructure powerpoint (local)

      Cell quiz powerpoint (local)

      The Inner Life of the Cell (Local top quality flv file or poor quality wmv file) or online from Havar= d. Absolutely amazing 8-minute animation of the inside workings of a cell.

      3D ani= mation into a cell from Biostudio (find in demos)

      Pa= rts of a Eukaryotic cell from LifeWire. Also 8^th ed. Brilliant tutorial on many parts of a cell.

      Eukaryotic cells from Starr. Good, but not as good as Lifewire.

      Eukaryotic cell ani= mation from cellsAlive. Good.

      Cell structure from Boyer (choose Cell Structure). Interactive prokaryotic a= nd eukaryotic cells, including “construct a cell” test at end.

      The Virtual = Cell from Coyle and Cassidy High School. Odd, b= ut quite fun.

      3D reconstruction of a cell from Alberts (local). Complicated but fascinat= ing.

      Label a cell from Pearson, and another Label a cell from John Wiley. Both drag ’n drop.

      Label animal and plan cells from Mader

      Interactive Cell from Biologica. Looks interesting

Cells Games a= nd Quizzes

      Animal C= ell Jigsaw and Plant Cell Jigsaw from Cells Alive. Hard!

      Cell pursuit game from Mader. 4 players answer questions to build a cell. Lo= oks fun!

      Build a cell<= /a> from bioscope. Rubbish questions.

      Ce= ll quizzes from Murray Jensen

Other cell im= ages

      Cell ultrastructure electron micrographs from University of Delaw= are. Nice photos

      = Organelle EMs from Loyola Virtual Histology

      JayDoc = HistoWeb. Loads of light micrographs. OK.

      Plant cell ima= ges from WISC botany

      Cells= Alive! Good general site, but showing its age now.

General cells= (Less Useful)

      Virtual Cell from North Dakota State U (needs free registration)

      Virtual Plant Cell from Unive= rsity of Illinois. Bit ol= d and not as good as others.

      Cell Structure from John Kyrk. Not as good as others.

      Cells from AS Guru. Not as good as others.

      Parts of a= plant cell electron micrographs from Botany online. Boring

      Cell biology from = MIT biology hyypertextbook

      Cell Notes and questions from Arizona Biology project

      Pr= karyotes and Eukaryotes from Arizona Biology project

      Cellupedia= from Thinkquest. Boring.

      Cells from SEER

      A= poptosis from Alberts ECB (local)

Cell Organelles

Organelle Str= ucture & Function

      = Cell organelles from John Kyrk

      Cell structure from John Kyrk

      Label organelles from Mader

      The cell= from blobs.org

      Drag-and-drop cell organelles from Zerobio

Nucleus<= /o:p>

      Nucleus and ER from Starr. Very nice – Must show.

      The nucleus<= /a> from blobs.org

Mitochondria<= o:p>

      Mitochondria from John Kyrk

      Mitochond= ria from MCBE

      3D mitochondria reconstruction from Alberts (local). Nice.

      Mitochondria from Starr

Lysosomes and vesicles

      Lysozome animation from Lehninger (local)

      Lysozomes animation from Raven and from Mader

      Vesicles = from Norton.

ER, Golgi, and secretion

      ER= and Golgi apparatus from LifeWire Also 8^th ed.

      ER a= nd Golgi from Norton

      Golgi and secretion from Sumanas

      Golgi and protein secretion 3D animation (local)

      Golgi apparatus from John Kyrk

      Golgi apparatus animation from Alberts (local). 2D

      3D Golgi apparatus animation (local). Nice.

      3D Go= lgi apparatus movie from Biological (local). OK.

      = Movie of endoplasmic reticulum tubules growing from Alberts (local).

Cytoskeleton<= o:p>

      Cytoplasmic streaming movie (local). Very nice

      Cytoske= leton transport movie (local).

      Cytoskeleton details from Alberts (local).

      Cytoskeleton movie 1 from Alberts (local).

      Cytoskeleton movie 2 from Alberts (local).

      Cytiskeleton movie 3 from Alberts ECB (local)

      Organelles moving on cytoskeleton movie from Alberts (local).

      Cytoskeleton from Starr

      F= lagella from Starr

      Flag= ella from Norton

Prok= aryotic Cells

Prokaryotic C= ells

      Label a bacterial cell from Mader

Endosymbiosis=

      Endo= symbiosis from Norton (also from Sumanas). Interesting.

      Endosymbiosis from Kimball (local)

Micr= osocopy

Light Microsc= opy

      Light Microscope from Starr

      Microscope techniques movie from ASM (local)

      Microscope techniques from Cells Alive

      Microscope Resolution from Nikon MicroscopyU. Loads of other stuff here, but advan= ced.

      Microscopy Timeline = from bioscope.org

      History of the microscop= e from Microscope.org

Electron Micr= oscopy

      Electron microscopy from Botany online

      Essex Centre for Advanced Microscopy from the University of Susse= x. Information about Ems and an image galle= ry.

Cell Fraction= ation

      Cell fractionation from Sumanas. Very nice and definitely worth showing, although uses bacterial cells as the example!

Cell Membranes

Structure

      Li= pid bilayer structure from Lehninger (local). Good on lipid bilayer.

      Demonstration of membrane manipul= ation from Alberts (local). Cool!

      Demonstration of mobility of membrane proteins= from Alberts (local).

      Demonstration of effect of dete= rgent on cell membrane from Alberts (local).

      Demonstration of membranes fusing<= /a> from Alberts (local).

      Label cell membranes from Mader. Choose easy (fluid-mosaic model 1) or hard (fluid-mosaic model 2).

      Label a cell membrane from John Wiley

      Label a cell membrane from Pearson

      Membranes from blobs.org

Functions of = Membrane Proteins

      Role of membrane proteins from Starr. Very good – must use.

      Cell membrane from Starr. Big download, but absolutely brilliant animation, showing fluid mosaic structure and functions of membrane proteins.

      Label membrane Protein Functions from Mader. Choose membrane protein diversit= y.

      Membrane receptors 1 (local).

      Membrane receptors 2 (local).

Membranes (le= ss useful)

      Physical Chemis= try of Biology membranes. Online textbook by David Njus. Highly advanced, but answers anything you’d want to know about membranes.

      Catalogue of membrane transport proteins from IUBMB. Only for the sad.

      Cell membrane notes and questions from Arizona Biology project

      Structure of cell membranes from AS guru. Wrong! Don’t use!

Tran= sport across Cell Membranes

General<= /o:p>

      Membranes and transport from Boyer (choose cellular transport). Interactive animations of all 4 methods of crossing membranes.

      Cell membrane structure = and transport from John Kyrk. Very detailed, but nice.

      Membranes and transport from AS Guru

            Diffusion from John Kyrk

      Diffusion from Mader (choose diffusion). Just basic diffusion (not membranes) but nic= e. Better than Powers.

      Diffusion from Powers. OK on basic diffusion (not membranes) but not as good as Mader= .

      Illustration of random diffusion from Alberts ECB (local). Mathematical modelling of= a “random walk”. Quite technical.

      Me= mbrane Diffusion from LifeWire. Covers lipid diffusion, channel proteins and carrier proteins with quiz at end. Very good.

      3D facilitated diffusion with channel proteins from Starr (local). Simple = but nice.

      Facilitated Diffusion with carrier proteins from Mader (choose facdiffusion). Very good.

      Glucose Transport using a carrier protein from Starr. Nice, showing transport in both directions.

      Cotransporters from Raven (choose cotransport)

      Carrier proteins = 1 animation from Alberts (local).

      Car= rier proteins 2 animation (local).

            Diffusion animation from HHMI Biointeractive

      Potassium Channe= l from Alberts ECB

      Gated sodium channel<= /a> from McGraw-Hill (local). Nice illustration of how receptors and channels w= ork.

      Membrane-bound recept= ors and more complicat= ed version from McGraw-Hill (local).

Osmosis<= /o:p>

      Osmosis from Mader (choose how_osmosis_works). Very nice introduction (not cells).<= /p>
      O= smosis demonstration from Starr (not cells). Simple but fun – Drag that = Bag!

      Dissolving and hydration shells (local). OK but not really needed.

      Osmosis video in red blood cells from Alberts (local). Brilliant movie showing red blood cel= ls crenating in a salt solution.

      Lysis and Crenation of red blood cells from Mader (choose hemoloysis_crenatio= n). Very good with video and diagrams.

      Osmosi= s from Utah= State University

      Diffusion an= d osmosis from blobs.org

      Diffusion and Osmosis Lab from The Biology Place

      Osmosis animation (local)

Active Transp= ort

      3D active transport animation (local).

      Ac= tive Transport from LifeWire

      Membrane transport from Northl= and College. very nice step-by step amimation of all types of membrane transport

      Active transport simulation from Johnson Explorations. Nice animated simulatio= n of active transport and facilitated diffusion.

      Sodium-p= otassium ATPase in detail from Cummings (local)..

      Sodium-potassium ATPase from Raven (choose sodium-potassium exchange)

      Proton active transport pump from Raven (choose proton pump)

      Secondary active transport animation (local).

      Active transport of calcium from Starr.

      Membrane Transport from Nortla= nd College

Endocytosis a= nd Exocytosis

      Endocytosis and exocytosis from Raven (choose endocytosis and exocytosis)

      Endocytosis from Mader (choose endocytosis_exocytosis)

      En= docytosis from LifeWire

      Endocytosis from Alberts (local).

      Exocytosis movie from Alberts (local).

      Phagocytosis movie from Alberts (local).

      Endocytosis from Starr

Cell Motility

Not required,= but quite nice!

      Cell crawling movie 1 (local).

      Cell crawling movie 2 (local).

      Cell crawling movie= 3 from Alberts ECB (local). Crawling amoeba.

      Cell ruffling movie (local).

      Keratocyte dance movie from Alberts ECB (local).

      Eutreptiella motility movie from Alberts ECB (local).

Tiss= ues & organisation

Size and Orga= nisation

      Powers of 10 from Molecular Expressions

      The S= izes of Living Things from CalSate University LA

      Surface area:volume exercise from Starr

      Surface area:volume exploration from Johnston Explorations.

      Levels of Organisation from Starr

      Levels of organisation from Wright

      Plant organs from Starr

      Directional Terms in living organisms from Starr

Histology

      Ti= ssues of the Human Body from Donald Rubbelke. Nice site, with good micrograph= s.

      Epithelial tissue from Starr

      Connective Tissue from Starr

      Specialised connective tissue from Starr

      Cells combining to form tissues movie from Alberts (local)

      Histology quiz from Murray Jensen

Gas = Exchange

Human Lung An= atomy

      Human gas exchange anatomy from Starr. Nice.

      I= nteractive lungs from ADAM. Zoom into any part.

      Respiratory system from GetBodymart. Not as good as ADAM.

      Label the lungs 1 and Label the lungs 2 from John Wiley

      Label the alveoli and single alveolus from John Wiley<= /p>
      Label the respiratory system and alveoli from Mader

      The lungs= from blobs.org

      Respirato= ry tissue slides from Loyola Virtual Histology

      Respiratory System Quiz from WebAnatomy by Murray Jensen

      Asthma from Powers

      Respiratory system from SEER

Human Breathi= ng Mechanism

      = Human Breathing from Starr. Brilliant.

      B= reathing from ADAM. Brilliant.

      3D breathing animation from Jeff Johnston (local).

      Pres= sure changes in lungs (local) and online from Mader (choose alveolar pressure changes)

      Human breathing from Lifewire

      The thorax from blobs.org

Human Gas exc= hange mechanism

      Gas exchange 1 in humans from Mader (choose gas exchange) also from McKinley

      Gas exchange 2 in humans from Mader (choose movement of oxygen & carbon dioxide)

      Gas Exchange in Humans 1 from Powers (choose respiration). Bit old.

      Gas Exchange in Humans 2 from Powers (choose gas exchange). Bit old.

      Gas Exchange from AS Guru

Fish

      Fish gas exchange from Starr. Spot on and beautiful, showing countercurrent = and everything. A must.

Plants

      Leaf structure from Starr. Basic, but nice.

Invertebrates=

      Invertebrate body shape from Starr

      Sponge body from Starr

      Ai= rflow in birds from LifeWire

      Ai= rflow in mammals from Lifewire

Dige= stion

Human Digesti= ve System Anatomy

      D= igestive system from ADAM. Whole thing, including digestive enzymes.

      Parts of the digestive system from Mader. Very good. Also from McKinley

      Digestive system anatomy from Starr. Simple but nice.

      Label the digestive system part 1 and part 2 from John Wiley

      Label the digestive system from Mader.

      = Digestive System Quiz from WebAnatomy by Murray Jensen

      Interactive colonoscopy

      Digestive System from SEERT. Just information.

      Sw= allowing animation from Johns Hopkins

      Virtual body digestion from Medtropolis (choose English – Digestive tract= ). Probably not as good as others.

      = Digestion from Western Kentucky

      The Digestive System from Johns Hopkins

Histology of = Gut Wall

      Small intestine structure in detail from Starr, showing villi, layers, etc.
      Label the layers of the gut wall from John Wiley

      Label the stomach and small intestine and large intestine from John Wiley

      Digestive = system slides 1 from Loyola Virtual Histology

      Digestive system slides 2 from Loyola Virtual Histology

Peristalsis

      Peristalsis from ADAM

      Simple animati= on of peristalsis from West Georgia

Digestion and Absorption

      Digestion and absorption from Starr

      Animation of glucose uptake from Sumanas

      The digestion and absorption of fats from Lifewire also 8^th ed.

      Fat digestion and Bile Cartoon from Dr Saul

      Glucose absorption from Alberts ECB (local)

      Digestion from AS Guru

Fungi

      Filamentous = fungi movie

Other

      Hydr= ochloric acid production in the stomach from McGraw-Hill (local).

      Gastric secretions from Raven also local (not relevant)

      Reflexes in the colon from McGraw-Hill (local). Not relevant.

      Digestive systems of flatworm, frog and pigeon from Starr. Quite interesting.

Written by Neil C Millar, Heckmondwike Grammar School. nmillar@heckgrammar.ki= rlklees.sch.uk. Last updated May 2007.